Download or read book Dawn of the Replacement Era written by AWWA Staff and published by American Water Works Association. This book was released on 2011-01-12 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: US water utilities face a significant economic challenge. The oldest underground infrastructure (some is more than 100 years old) is at or very near the end of its expected life span and must be replaced within the next 30 years. AWWA projects expenditures of $250 billion nationwide for the replacement of worn-out pipes and related fittings.